Communicable Disease Prevention through Health Quarantine Law: An Implementation Study at Surabaya Hajj Debarkation 2026
Balai Besar Kekarantinaan Kesehatan (BBKK) Surabaya & Southern Cross University Australia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56943/jlte.v5i1.1062Despite growing research on Hajj health, no study has systematically examined the relationship between Indonesia’s post-2023 health quarantine legal framework and its implementation during Hajj debarkation. The Hajj as an international mass gathering presents cross-border infectious diseases transmission risks, making debarkation a strategic point for health quaraatine implementation. This study analyses the implementation of health quarantine law in preventing infectious diseas at Surabaya Hajj Debarkation 1447 H/2026 M and assesses the congruence between legal norms and operational practice. The research employs a doctrinal/normative legal design with implementation analysis based on secondary data from legislation, technical policies, International Health Regulations, scientific literature, and the 2026 Surabaya Hajj Health Report. Analysis was conducted through normative obligations and implementation evidence. Results demonstrate that surveillance of conveyances and pilgrims, screening, laboratory examination, evacuation, referral, and notification have documented evidence aligned with health quarantine obligations. However, gaps remain in health declaration completeness, data quality and consistency, system interoperability, manual data processing, and limited post-return follow-up evidence. Strengthening implementation requires integrating detection-notification-response chain, data standardization, closed-loop follow-up, digital literacy, and periodic regulatory audits.
Keywords: Communicable Disease Hajj Pilgrims Health Quarantine Legal Implementation Point of Entry
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