Critical Path Analysis for Construction Schedule Optimization: RSGM UMSIDA Study Case
Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya
Universitas 17 Agustus Surabaya
Universitas 17 Agustus Surabaya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56943/jmr.v5i2.939The development of educational infrastructure represents a fundamental pillar supporting human resource advancement in Indonesia. Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, as a growing higher education institution, addresses the need for academic facilities through the construction of a dental hospital (RSGM), demonstrating its commitment to public health services. This project functions as a teaching hospital in collaboration with the Faculty of Medicine at UMSIDA, enabling medical students to conduct clinical practice. This study aims to determine the optimal project duration after acceleration and identify the required costs resulting from this acceleration. The research applied the Critical Path Method (CPM) and Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) to optimize construction scheduling. Results indicate that CPM effectively reduces project completion time from 147 weeks to 104 weeks, while PERT reduces it to 105 weeks, with additional costs of Rp 580,930,000.00 (3.85% of initial budget) and Rp 567,420,000.00 (3.76%) respectively. The PERT implementation, with critical path A-B-C-D-E-F-J, demonstrates a 99.99% probability of completing the project within 105 weeks. Overall, the acceleration efforts yield time savings of 43 weeks using CPM and 42 weeks using PERT, with PERT offering a more cost-efficient alternative. These findings validate the effectiveness of systematic network analysis approaches in educational healthcare facility construction, providing a replicable framework for similar infrastructure development projects in developing regions.
Keywords: Construction Cost Critical Path Method Project Management Schedule Optimization
Abuhasel, K. (2023). Sustainable Green City Development Project Analysis using the Critical Path Method (CPM) and the Crashing Project Method on Time and Cost Optimization. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, 13(3), 10973–10977. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.5980
Alhassan, M. N., Suleiman K, Hassan, M., & Isma’il, N. (2024). Utilizing CPM and PERT in project planning and scheduling, incorporating Linear Programming. International Journal of Scientific Research in Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, 11(1), 6–10.
Aliyu, A. (2013). Project Management using Critical Path Method (CPM): A Pragmatic Study. Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 18(3–4). https://doi.org/10.4314/gjpas.v18i3-4.11
Antariwati, K. D. (2018). Optimalisasi Penjadwalan Proyek Konstruksi Dengan Penerapan Metode Pert dan CPM Pada PT Dharma Buana Karya. Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta.
Asri, D. F. L., Setiawan, T. H., & Rusdiana, Y. (2019). Analisis Jaringan Kerja pada Evaluasi Penjadwalan Waktu dan Biaya Penyelesaian Proyek dengan Menggunakan Metode PERT & CPM. Jurnal Saintika Unpam : Jurnal Sains Dan Matematika Unpam, 2(2), 136. https://doi.org/10.32493/jsmu.v2i2.3323
Ba’Its, H. A., Puspita, I. A., & Bay, A. F. (2020). Combination of Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) and Critical Path Method (CPM) for Project Schedule Development. International Journal of Integrated Engineering, 12(3), 68–75. https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2020.12.03.009
Bagshaw, K. B. (2021). NEW PERT and CPM in Project Management with Practical Examples. American Journal of Operations Research, 11(04), 215–226. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajor.2021.114013
ElSahly, O. M., Ahmed, S., & Abdelfatah, A. (2023). Systematic Review of the Time-Cost Optimization Models in Construction Management. Sustainability, 15(6), 5578. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065578
Farhan, M. F. F., Rumbyarso, Y. P. A., & Siagian, B. M. (2024). Analisa Penjadwalan Proyek Menggunakan CPM dan PERT Pada Proyek Pembangunan Gedung KONI Jakarta Pusat. Jurnal Teknik Dan Teknologi Indonesia (JTTI), 2(3), 1–11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.62287/jtti.v2i3.79
Loka, D. P., Rabani, F., Weningsih, P. A., . S., Batoteng, H., & Ningsih, A. (2025). Analysis of Project Management Control in Wooden Stilt House Construction Using the Critical Path Method (CPM). International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation, 6(4), 147–153. https://doi.org/10.54660/.IJMRGE.2025.6.4.147-153
Maw, M. M., Atmaja, S. K. R., & Murtika, I. W. (2025). Evaluating Contractor Performance through Cost-Time Management Strategies in Educational Building Project. Jurnal Ilmiah Telsinas Elektro, Sipil Dan Teknik Informasi, 8(1), 58–63. https://doi.org/10.38043/telsinas.v8i1.6229
Nahendra, N., Daulay, I. N., & Paramitha, A. (2022). The Optimization of Gebe Airport Project Using PERT and CPM Method. Operations Management and Information System Studies, 2(4), 208–218.
Oshinowo, O. R., Agoi, M. A., Sain, Z. H., Sain, S. H., & Aziz, A. L. (2025). AN AI-DRIVEN TEACHING PROTOTYPE FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION: A DEVELOPMENTAL APPROACH TO EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT. Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 4(2), 45–65. https://doi.org/10.56943/jmr.v4i2.867
Santoso, K. A., Yusnita, A. R., & Pradjaningsih, A. (2024). SCHEDULING ANALYSIS BEDUGUL VILLA CONSTRUCTION PROJECT USING PERT AND CPM METHODS. BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika Dan Terapan, 18(1), 0105–0116. https://doi.org/10.30598/barekengvol18iss1pp0105-0116
Turkoglu, H., Arditi, D., & Polat, G. (2023). Mathematical Multiobjective Optimization Model for Trade-Offs in Small-Scale Construction Projects. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 149(7). https://doi.org/10.1061/JCEMD4.COENG-13209
Ukamaka, C. O. (2020). Implementation of Project Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) and Critical Path Method (CPM): A Comparative Study. International Journal of Industrial and Operations Research, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.35840/2633-8947/6504
Wicaksono, M. H., Sugandi, R. M., & Alfianto, I. (2024). Pengendalian Durasi Optimal pada Pembangunan Myze Hotel Sumenep Menggunakan CPM dan Metode PERT. Bentang : Jurnal Teoritis Dan Terapan Bidang Rekayasa Sipil, 12(1), 49–62. https://doi.org/10.33558/bentang.v12i1.7323
Yaqin, H. N., Tjendani, H. T., & Witjaksana, B. (2023). Analysis of The Acceleration of Time and Cost of Implementing Building Construction Projects Using The Critical Path Method (CPM) Method. Devotion : Journal of Research and Community Service, 4(2), 336–346. https://doi.org/10.36418/dev.v4i2.388
Yuwono, W., Kaukab, M. E., & Mahfud, Y. (2021). Kajian Metode PERT-CPM dan Pemanfaatannya dalam Manajemen Waktu dan Biaya Pelaksanaan Proyek. Journal of Economic, Management, Accounting and Technology, 4(2), 192–214. https://doi.org/10.32500/jematech.v4i2.1925
