Illegal Fishing Investigations by the Water and Air Police: Authority and Procedures
Polda Sulawesi Utara
Universitas Bhayangkara Surabaya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56943/jlte.v5i1.1110This study examines the legal authority and investigative procedures of the Water and Air Police in handling illegal fishing cases, with a focus on the North Sulawesi Regional Police. It employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches. Legal materials include national legislation, international conventions, legal doctrines, and scholarly journals, which are analysed qualitatively through descriptive-analytical techniques. The findings show that the investigative authority of the Water and Air Police is legally grounded in Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the Indonesian National Police, Law Number 31 of 2004 concerning Fisheries as amended by Law Number 45 of 2009, and the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The investigative process consists of maritime patrols, vessel boarding, inspection of documents and fishing gear, collection and preservation of evidence, examination of witnesses and suspects, seizure of vessels and catches, and submission of case files to the public prosecutor. However, enforcement faces obstacles related to maritime jurisdiction, limited patrol resources, evidentiary difficulties at sea, interagency coordination, and overlapping institutional authority. The study recommends strengthening interagency coordination, enhancing investigative capacity, harmonising procedures, and improving the management of maritime and electronic evidence to ensure more effective and legally certain enforcement against illegal fishing in North Sulawesi.
Keywords: Criminal Investigation Fisheries Law Enforcement Illegal Fishing North Sulawesi Water and Air Police
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